Subway IP Inc. v. Serena Bjork
Claim Number: FA2010001917165
Complainant is Subway IP Inc. ("Complainant"), represented by Steven M. Levy, District of Columbia, United States. Respondent is Serena Bjork ("Respondent"), Michigan, United States.
REGISTRAR AND DISPUTED DOMAIN NAME
The domain name at issue is <subway25.com>, registered with NameCheap, Inc.
The undersigned certifies that he has acted independently and impartially and to the best of his knowledge has no known conflict in serving as Panelist in this proceeding.
David E. Sorkin as Panelist.
Complainant submitted a Complaint to the Forum electronically on October 15, 2020; the Forum received payment on October 15, 2020.
On October 16, 2020, NameCheap, Inc. confirmed by email to the Forum that the <subway25.com> domain name is registered with NameCheap, Inc. and that Respondent is the current registrant of the name. NameCheap, Inc. has verified that Respondent is bound by the NameCheap, Inc. registration agreement and has thereby agreed to resolve domain disputes brought by third parties in accordance with ICANN's Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the "Policy").
On October 19, 2020, the Forum served the Complaint and all Annexes, including a Written Notice of the Complaint, setting a deadline of November 9, 2020 by which Respondent could file a Response to the Complaint, via email to all entities and persons listed on Respondent's registration as technical, administrative, and billing contacts, and to postmaster@subway25.com. Also on October 19, 2020, the Written Notice of the Complaint, notifying Respondent of the email addresses served and the deadline for a Response, was transmitted to Respondent via post and fax, to all entities and persons listed on Respondent's registration as technical, administrative, and billing contacts.
Having received no response from Respondent, the Forum transmitted to the parties a Notification of Respondent Default.
On November 12, 2020, pursuant to Complainant's request to have the dispute decided by a single-member Panel, the Forum appointed David E. Sorkin as Panelist.
Having reviewed the communications records, the Administrative Panel (the "Panel") finds that the Forum has discharged its responsibility under Paragraph 2(a) of the Rules for Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the "Rules") "to employ reasonably available means calculated to achieve actual notice to Respondent" through submission of Electronic and Written Notices, as defined in Rule 1 and Rule 2. Therefore, the Panel may issue its decision based on the documents submitted and in accordance with the ICANN Policy, ICANN Rules, the Forum's Supplemental Rules, and any rules and principles of law that the Panel deems applicable, without the benefit of any response from Respondent.
Complainant requests that the domain name be transferred from Respondent to Complainant.
A. Complainant
Complainant is one of the largest franchised chains of sandwich shops in the world. Complainant has over 21,000 franchisees who operate approximately 42,000 shops in more than 100 countries. Complainant owns trademark registrations for SUBWAY in the United States and other jurisdictions around the world, including longstanding registrations for the mark in standard character form. Complainant asserts that its mark has become famous around the world as a result of long usage and promotion.
Respondent registered the disputed domain name <subway25.com> via a privacy registration service in October 2020. The domain name is being used for a website that appears to be a customer survey conducted by or on behalf of Complainant, but that redirects users to what Complainant describes as a "fake survey" designed to harvest personal information from users by impersonating Complainant. Complainant suggests that this redirection likely yields click-through revenue for Respondent. The website is also being promoted through advertisements on Facebook and other social media platforms. Complainant's mark and logo appear in these advertisements and on the survey website.
Complainant contends on the above grounds that the disputed domain name <subway25.com> is confusingly similar to its SUBWAY mark; that Respondent lacks rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name; and that the disputed domain name was registered and is being used in bad faith.
B. Respondent
Respondent failed to submit a Response in this proceeding.
The Panel finds that the disputed domain name is confusingly similar to a mark in which Complainant has rights; that Respondent lacks rights or legitimate interests in respect of the disputed domain name; and that the disputed domain name was registered and is being used in bad faith.
Paragraph 15(a) of the Rules instructs this Panel to "decide a complaint on the basis of the statements and documents submitted in accordance with the Policy, these Rules and any rules and principles of law that it deems applicable."
Paragraph 4(a) of the Policy requires that Complainant must prove each of the following three elements to obtain an order that a domain name should be cancelled or transferred:
(1) the domain name registered by Respondent is identical or confusingly similar to a trademark or service mark in which Complainant has rights; and
(2) Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in respect of the domain name; and
(3) the domain name has been registered and is being used in bad faith.
In view of Respondent's failure to submit a response, the Panel shall decide this administrative proceeding on the basis of Complainant's undisputed representations pursuant to paragraphs 5(f), 14(a), and 15(a) of the Rules and draw such inferences it considers appropriate pursuant to paragraph 14(b) of the Rules. The Panel is entitled to accept all reasonable allegations set forth in a complaint; however, the Panel may deny relief where a complaint contains mere conclusory or unsubstantiated arguments. See WIPO Overview of WIPO Panel Views on Selected UDRP Questions, § 4.3 (3d ed. 2017), available at http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/domains/search/overview3.0/; see also eGalaxy Multimedia Inc. v. ON HOLD By Owner Ready To Expire, FA 157287 (Forum June 26, 2003) (dismissing complaint where complainant failed to "produce clear evidence to support its subjective allegations").
The disputed domain name <subway25.com> incorporates Complainant's registered SUBWAY trademark, adding the number 25 and the ".com" top-level domain. These additions do not substantially diminish the similarity between the domain name and Complainant's mark. See, e.g., Cable News Network, Inc. f/k/a Cable News Network, LP, LLLP v. Sami Salman / Cairo News Network, FA 1535770 (Forum Jan. 30, 2014) (finding <cnn25.com> confusingly similar to CNN); Doctor's Associates Inc. v. Peter Nguyen, D2007-1024 (WIPO Aug. 30, 2007) (finding <subwaybuzz.com> confusingly similar to SUBWAY). The Panel considers the disputed domain name to be confusingly similar to a mark in which Complainant has rights.
Under the Policy, the Complainant must first make a prima facie case that the Respondent lacks rights and legitimate interests in the disputed domain name, and then the burden shifts to the Respondent to come forward with concrete evidence of such rights or legitimate interests. See Hanna-Barbera Productions, Inc. v. Entertainment Commentaries, FA 741828 (Forum Aug. 18, 2006).
The disputed domain name incorporates Complainant's registered mark without authorization, and it is being used for a website that impersonates Complainant for the apparent purposes of generating click-through revenue and harvesting personal information from users. Such use does not give rise to rights or legitimate interests under the Policy. See, e.g., DD IP Holder LLC v. Rehman Khan, FA 1836222 (Forum May 1, 2019) (finding lack of rights or interests in similar circumstances); Amazon Technologies, Inc. v. Alexia MIA / person, FA 1747110 (Forum Oct. 9, 2017) (same); Nordstrom, Inc. v. Above.com Domain Privacy, FA 1654490 (Forum Feb. 1, 2016) (same).
Complainant has made a prima facie case that Respondent lacks rights and legitimate interests in the domain name, and Respondent has failed to come forward with any evidence of such rights or interests. Accordingly, the Panel finds that Complainant has sustained its burden of proving that Respondent lacks rights or legitimate interests in respect of the disputed domain name.
Finally, Complainant must show that the disputed domain name was registered and is being used in bad faith. Under paragraph 4(b)(iii) of the Policy, bad faith may be shown by evidence that Respondent registered the disputed domain name "primarily for the purpose of disrupting the business of a competitor." Under paragraph 4(b)(iv), bad faith may be shown by evidence that "by using the domain name, [Respondent] intentionally attempted to attract, for commercial gain, Internet users to [Respondent's] web site or other on-line location, by creating a likelihood of confusion with the complainant's mark as to the source, sponsorship, affiliation, or endorsement of [Respondent's] web site or location or of a product or service on [Respondent's] web site or location."
Complainant used a privacy registration service to register a domain name that incorporates Complainant's famous mark without authorization, and is using the domain name to impersonate Complainant for the apparent purposes of generating click-through revenue and harvesting personal information from users. Such conduct is indicative of bad faith registration and use under the Policy. See, e.g., Amazon Technologies, Inc. v. Alexia MIA / person, supra (finding bad faith in similar circumstances); Nordstrom, Inc. v. Above.com Domain Privacy, supra (same). The Panel so finds.
Having considered the three elements required under the ICANN Policy, the Panel concludes that relief shall be GRANTED.
Accordingly, it is Ordered that the <subway25.com> domain name be TRANSFERRED from Respondent to Complainant.
David E. Sorkin, Panelist
Dated: November 13, 2020
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