Manpower Inc. v. Comdot Internet Services Private Limited
Claim Number: FA0808001221627
Complainant is Manpower Inc. (“Complainant”), represented by Gary
H. Saposnik of IpHorgan Ltd.,
REGISTRAR AND DISPUTED DOMAIN
NAME
The domain name at issue is <manpowerjob.com>, registered with Lead Network Domains Pvt. Ltd.
The undersigned certifies that she has acted independently and impartially and that to the best of her knowledge she has no known conflict in serving as Panelist in this proceeding. Hon. Carolyn Marks Johnson sits as Panelist.
Complainant submitted a Complaint to the National Arbitration Forum electronically August 21, 2008; the National Arbitration Forum received a hard copy of the Complaint August 25, 2008.
On August 25, 2008, Lead Network Domains Pvt. Ltd. confirmed by e-mail to the National Arbitration Forum that the <manpowerjob.com> domain name is registered with Lead Network Domains Pvt. Ltd. and that Respondent is the current registrant of the name. Lead Network Domains Pvt. Ltd. verified that Respondent is bound by the Lead Network Domains Pvt. Ltd. registration agreement and thereby has agreed to resolve domain-name disputes brought by third parties in accordance with ICANN's Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the "Policy").
On September 2, 2008, a Notification of Complaint and Commencement of Administrative Proceeding (the "Commencement Notification"), setting a deadline of September 22, 2008, by which Respondent could file a response to the Complaint, was transmitted to Respondent via e-mail, post and fax, to all entities and persons listed on Respondent's registration as technical, administrative and billing contacts, and to postmaster@manpowerjob.com by e-mail.
Having received no response from Respondent, the National Arbitration Forum transmitted to the parties a Notification of Respondent Default.
On September 29, 2008, pursuant to Complainant's request to have the dispute decided by a single-member Panel, the National Arbitration Forum appointed Hon. Carolyn Marks Johnson to sit as Panelist.
Having reviewed the communications records, the Administrative Panel (the "Panel") finds that the National Arbitration Forum discharged its responsibility under Paragraph 2(a) of the Rules for Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the "Rules") "to employ reasonably available means calculated to achieve actual notice to Respondent." Therefore, the Panel may issue its decision based on the documents submitted and in accordance with the ICANN Policy, ICANN Rules, the National Arbitration Forum's Supplemental Rules and any rules and principles of law that the Panel deems applicable, without the benefit of any response from Respondent.
Complainant requests that the domain name be transferred from Respondent to Complainant.
A. Complainant makes the following assertions:
1. The domain name that Respondent registered, <manpowerjob.com>, is confusingly similar to Complainant’s MANPOWER mark.
2. Respondent has no rights to or legitimate interests in the <manpowerjob.com> domain name.
3. Respondent registered and used the <manpowerjob.com> domain name in bad faith.
B. Respondent failed to submit a Response in this proceeding.
Complainant, Manpower Inc., is the second-largest non-governmental employment services organization in the world. Complainant has 4,500 offices in 80 different countries and territories worldwide. Complainant owns several trademark registrations with the United States Patent and Trademark Office (“USPTO”) for the MANPOWER mark (i.e. Reg. No. 921,701 issued October 5, 1971).
Respondent registered the <manpowerjob.com> domain name October 11, 2005. Respondent’s disputed domain name resolves to a website offering links to third-party websites in competition with Complainant. In addition, after Respondent received a cease and desist letter from Complainant, Respondent changed it’s WHOIS information in order to prevent UDRP transfer.
Paragraph 15(a) of the Rules instructs this Panel to "decide a complaint on the basis of the statements and documents submitted in accordance with the Policy, these Rules and any rules and principles of law that it deems applicable."
Given Respondent's failure to submit a response, the Panel shall decide this administrative proceeding on the basis of Complainant's undisputed representations pursuant to paragraphs 5(e), 14(a) and 15(a) of the Rules and will draw such inferences as the Panel considers to be appropriate pursuant to paragraph 14(b) of the Rules. The Panel is entitled to accept all reasonable allegations and inferences set forth in the Complaint as true unless the evidence is clearly contradictory. See Vertical Solutions Mgmt., Inc. v. webnet-marketing, inc., FA 95095 (Nat. Arb. Forum July 31, 2000) (holding that the respondent’s failure to respond allows all reasonable inferences of fact in the allegations of the complaint to be deemed true); see also Talk City, Inc. v. Robertson, D2000-0009 (WIPO Feb. 29, 2000) (“In the absence of a response, it is appropriate to accept as true all allegations of the Complaint.”).
Paragraph 4(a) of the Policy requires Complainant to prove each of the following three elements to obtain an order that a domain name should be cancelled or transferred:
(1) the domain name registered by Respondent is identical or confusingly similar to a trademark or service mark in which Complainant has rights; and
(2) Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in respect of the domain name; and
(3) the domain name has been registered and is being used in bad faith.
The Panel finds that Complainant established rights in the MANPOWER
mark for purposes of Policy ¶ 4(a)(i) through its
trademark registration with the USPTO. See Vivendi Universal Games v.
XBNetVentures Inc., FA 198803 (Nat. Arb. Forum Nov. 11, 2003)
(“Complainant's federal trademark registrations establish Complainant's rights
in the BLIZZARD mark.”); see also Innomed Techs., Inc. v. DRP Servs.,
FA 221171 (Nat. Arb. Forum Feb. 18, 2004) (“Registration of the NASAL-AIRE mark
with the USPTO establishes Complainant's rights in the mark.”).
Complainant contends that
Respondent’s <manpowerjob.com> domain name is confusingly
similar to Complainant’s registered MANPOWER mark pursuant to Policy ¶
4(a)(i). Respondent’s disputed domain
name contains Complainant’s mark in it’s entirety, adds the generic term “job,”
and adds the generic top-level domain (“gTLD”) “.com.” The Panel finds that addition of generic terms
with an obvious relationship to a complainant’s business to a registered mark
creates confusing similarity between the mark and the disputed domain
name. See Space Imaging LLC v. Brownell, AF-0298
(eResolution Sept. 22, 2000) (finding confusing similarity where the
respondent’s domain name combines the complainant’s mark with a generic term
that has an obvious relationship to the complainant’s business); see also L.L. Bean, Inc. v.
ShopStarNetwork, FA 95404 (Nat. Arb. Forum Sept. 14, 2000) (finding that
combining the generic word “shop” with the complainant’s registered mark
“llbean” does not circumvent the complainant’s rights in the mark nor avoid the
confusing similarity aspect of the ICANN Policy). In addition, the Panel finds that the addition
of a gTLD is irrelevant in distinguishing a disputed domain name from a
registered mark. See Sporty's Farm L.L.C. vs. Sportsman's Mkt., Inc., 202
F.3d 489 (2d Cir. 2000), cert. denied, 530
The
Panel finds that Complainant satisfied the elements of ICANN Policy ¶ 4(a)(i).
Complainant contends that Respondent lacks all rights and legitimate interests in the <manpowerjob.com> domain name. Under Policy ¶ 4(a)(ii), after the complainant makes a prima facie case against the respondent, the respondent then has the burden of showing evidence that it does have rights and legitimate interests in the disputed domain name. Complainant made a prima facie case under Policy ¶ 4(a)(ii). See Clerical Med. Inv. Group Ltd. v. Clericalmedical.com, D2000-1228 (WIPO Nov. 28, 2000) (finding that, under certain circumstances, the mere assertion by the complainant that the respondent has no right or legitimate interest is sufficient to shift the burden of proof to the respondent to demonstrate that such a right or legitimate interest does exist); see also G.D. Searle v. Martin Mktg., FA 118277 (Nat. Arb. Forum Oct. 1, 2002) (“Because Complainant’s Submission constitutes a prima facie case under the Policy, the burden effectively shifts to Respondent. Respondent’s failure to respond means that Respondent has not presented any circumstances that would promote its rights or legitimate interests in the subject domain name under Policy ¶ 4(a)(ii).”).
Complainant contends that Respondent is not commonly known
by the <manpowerjob.com>
domain name and that Respondent has never been the owner or licensee of the MANPOWER mark.
The WHOIS record for the disputed domain name lists Respondent as “Man Power Herbal Supplements.” However, Complainant presents the evidence
that Respondent’s WHOIS information was listed as “Chen Bao Shui,” before this
proceeding was brought against Respondent.
In addition, Respondent provides no affirmative evidence of being
commonly known by the disputed domain name.
Therefore, the Panel finds that Respondent is not commonly known as <manpowerjob.com> pursuant to Policy
¶ 4(c)(ii). See Yoga Works, Inc.
v. Arpita, FA 155461 (Nat. Arb. Forum June 17, 2003) (finding that the respondent was not “commonly known by”
the <shantiyogaworks.com> domain name despite listing its name as
“Shanti Yoga Works” in its WHOIS contact information because there was “no affirmative evidence before the
Panel that the respondent was ever ‘commonly known by’ the disputed domain name
prior to its registration of the disputed domain name”); see also Compagnie de Saint Gobain v. Com-Union Corp.,
D2000-0020 (WIPO Mar. 14, 2000) (finding no rights or legitimate interest where
the respondent was not commonly known by the mark and never applied for a
license or permission from the complainant to use the trademarked name).
Complainant asserts that Respondent is using the disputed
domain names to display links to third-party websites in competition with
Complainant. The Panel finds that such
use of the disputed domain names is not a bona
fide offering of goods and services pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(c)(i), and it is not a legitimate noncommercial or fair use
pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(c)(iii). See Glaxo Group Ltd. v. WWW Zban, FA 203164 (Nat. Arb. Forum Dec. 1, 2003) (finding that the respondent was not using the
domain name within the parameters of Policy ¶ 4(c)(i) or (iii) because the
respondent used the domain name to take advantage of the complainant's mark by
diverting Internet users to a competing commercial site); see also Ultimate Elecs., Inc. v. Nichols, FA 195683 (Nat.
Arb. Forum Oct. 27, 2003) (finding that the respondent's “use of the domain
name (and Complainant’s mark) to sell products in competition with Complainant
demonstrates neither a bona fide offering of goods or services nor a legitimate
noncommercial or fair use of the name”).
The Panel finds that Complainant satisfied the elements of ICANN Policy ¶ 4(a)(ii).
The Panel finds that Respondent’s use of the disputed domain names to disrupt the business of Complainant by offering links to competitors is evidence of bad faith registration and use pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(b)(iii). See Travant Solutions, Inc. v. Cole, FA 203177 (Nat. Arb. Forum Dec. 6, 2003) (“Respondent registered and used the domain name in bad faith, pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(b)(iii), because it is operating on behalf of a competitor of Complainant . . .”); see also Disney Enters., Inc. v. Noel, FA 198805 (Nat. Arb. Forum Nov. 11, 2003) (“Respondent registered a domain name confusingly similar to Complainant's mark to divert Internet users to a competitor's website. It is a reasonable inference that Respondent's purpose of registration and use was to either disrupt or create confusion for Complainant's business in bad faith pursuant to Policy ¶¶ 4(b)(iii) [and] (iv).”).
Complainant also contends that Respondent is gaining
commercially by collecting click-through fees.
The Panel assumes that click-through fees are collected in diversion
cases such as this. The Panel finds that
this is an intentional use of the disputed domain name for commercial gain
through a likelihood of confusion with Complainant’s mark, and so, pursuant to
Policy ¶ 4(b)(iv), this use is also evidence of registration
and use in bad faith. See Kmart v. Khan, FA 127708
(Nat. Arb. Forum Nov. 22, 2002) (finding that if the respondent profits from
its diversionary use of the complainant's mark when the domain name resolves to
commercial websites and the respondent fails to contest the complaint, it may
be concluded that the respondent is using the domain name in bad faith pursuant
to Policy ¶ 4(b)(iv));
see also TM Acquisition Corp.
v. Carroll, FA 97035 (Nat. Arb. Forum May 14, 2001) (finding bad faith
where the respondent used the domain name, for commercial gain, to
intentionally attract users to a direct competitor of the complainant).
The Panel finds that Complainant satisfied the elements of ICANN Policy ¶ 4(a)(iii).
Having established all three elements required under the ICANN Policy, the Panel concludes that relief shall be GRANTED.
Accordingly, it is Ordered that the <manpowerjob.com> domain name be TRANSFERRED from Respondent to Complainant.
Hon. Carolyn Marks Johnson, Panelist
Dated: October 13, 2008.
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