national
arbitration forum
DECISION
Victoria's Secret Stores Brand Management, Inc. v. Chris
Williams
Claim
Number: FA0906001265740
PARTIES
Complainant is Victoria's Secret Stores Brand Management, Inc. (“Complainant”), represented by Melise
R. Blakeslee, of McDermott Will & Emery LLP, Washington, D.C., USA. Respondent is Chris Williams (“Respondent”), Florida, USA.
REGISTRAR AND DISPUTED DOMAIN
NAME
The domain name at issue is <victoriassecretangelcreditcard.com>,
registered with Moniker Online Services, Inc.
PANEL
The undersigned certifies that he has
acted independently and impartially and, to the best of his knowledge, has no
known conflict in serving as Panelist in this proceeding.
The Honorable
Charles K. McCotter, Jr. (Ret.) as Panelist.
PROCEDURAL HISTORY
Complainant submitted a Complaint to
the National Arbitration Forum electronically on May 29, 2009;
the National Arbitration Forum received a hard copy of the Complaint on June 1, 2009.
On June 1, 2009,
Moniker Online Services, Inc. confirmed
by e-mail to the National Arbitration Forum that the <victoriassecretangelcreditcard.com>
domain name is registered with Moniker Online
Services, Inc. and that Respondent is the current registrant of the
name. Moniker
Online Services, Inc. has verified that Respondent is bound by the Moniker Online Services, Inc. registration
agreement and has thereby agreed to resolve domain-name disputes brought by
third parties in accordance with ICANN's Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution
Policy (the "Policy").
On June 8, 2009,
a Notification of Complaint and Commencement of Administrative Proceeding (the
"Commencement Notification"), setting a deadline of June 29, 2009 by
which Respondent could file a response to the Complaint, was transmitted to
Respondent via e-mail, post and fax, to all entities and persons listed on
Respondent's registration as technical, administrative and billing contacts,
and to postmaster@victoriassecretangelcreditcard.com
by e-mail.
Having received no response from
Respondent, the National Arbitration Forum transmitted to the parties a
Notification of Respondent Default.
On July 1, 2009, pursuant to
Complainant's request to have the dispute decided by a single-member Panel, the
National Arbitration Forum appointed the Honorable Charles K. McCotter, Jr.
(Ret.) as Panelist.
Having reviewed the communications
records, the Administrative Panel (the "Panel") finds that the
National Arbitration Forum has discharged its responsibility under Paragraph
2(a) of the Rules for Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the
"Rules") "to employ reasonably available means calculated to
achieve actual notice to Respondent."
Therefore, the Panel may issue its decision based on the documents
submitted and in accordance with the ICANN Policy, ICANN Rules, the National
Arbitration Forum's Supplemental Rules and any rules and principles of law that
the Panel deems applicable, without the benefit of any response from
Respondent.
RELIEF SOUGHT
Complainant requests that the domain
name be transferred from Respondent to Complainant.
PARTIES' CONTENTIONS
A.
Complainant makes the following assertions:
1. Respondent’s
<victoriassecretangelcreditcard.com>
domain name is confusingly similar to Complainant’s VICTORIA’S SECRET mark.
2. Respondent
does not have any rights or legitimate interests in the <victoriassecretangelcreditcard.com>
domain name.
3. Respondent
registered and used the <victoriassecretangelcreditcard.com>
domain name in bad faith.
B.
Respondent failed to submit a Response in this proceeding.
FINDINGS
Complainant, Victoria's
Secret Stores Brand Management, Inc., holds a registration of the VICTORIA’S SECRET mark
with the United States Patent and Trademark Office (“USPTO”) (Reg. No.
1,146,199 issued Jan.
20, 1981) in connection with its women’s lingerie business. Complainant offers customers credit card
services through its “Angel Card.”
Respondent registered the <victoriassecretangelcreditcard.com>
domain name on June
19, 2008. The disputed
domain name resolves to a website displaying links to third parties offering
credit card services.
DISCUSSION
Paragraph 15(a) of the Rules instructs this Panel to
"decide a complaint on the basis of the statements and documents submitted
in accordance with the Policy, these Rules and any rules and principles of law
that it deems applicable."
In view of Respondent's failure to submit a response, the
Panel shall decide this administrative proceeding on the basis of Complainant's
undisputed representations pursuant to paragraphs 5(e), 14(a) and 15(a) of the
Rules and draw such inferences it considers appropriate pursuant to paragraph
14(b) of the Rules. The Panel is
entitled to accept all reasonable allegations and inferences set forth in the
Complaint as true unless the evidence is clearly contradictory. See Vertical
Solutions Mgmt., Inc. v. webnet-marketing, inc., FA 95095 (Nat. Arb.
Forum July 31,
2000) (holding that the respondent’s failure to respond allows all
reasonable inferences of fact in the allegations of the complaint to be deemed
true); see also Talk City, Inc. v.
Robertson, D2000-0009 (WIPO Feb. 29, 2000) (“In the absence of a response,
it is appropriate to accept as true all allegations of the Complaint.”).
Paragraph 4(a) of the Policy requires that Complainant must
prove each of the following three elements to obtain an order that a domain
name should be cancelled or transferred:
(1) the
domain name registered by Respondent is identical or confusingly similar to a
trademark or service mark in which Complainant has rights; and
(2) Respondent
has no rights or legitimate interests in respect of the domain name; and
(3) the domain name has been registered and is being used in bad
faith.
Identical and/or Confusingly Similar
The Panel finds that Complainant has established rights in
the VICTORIA’S
SECRET mark pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(a)(i) via its
registration of the mark with the USPTO.
See Victoria's Secret Stores Brand
Mgmt., Inc. v. Machuszek, FA
945052 (Nat. Arb. Forum May 7, 2007) (finding that “Complainant has established
rights in the VICTORIA’S SECRET mark through
[multiple] registrations [with
the USPTO] under Policy ¶ 4(a)(i).”); see also Paisley Park Enters. v. Lawson, FA
384834 (Nat. Arb. Forum Feb. 1, 2005) (finding that the complainant had
established rights in the PAISLEY PARK mark under Policy ¶ 4(a)(i) through
registration of the mark with the USPTO).
The <victoriassecretangelcreditcard.com>
domain name contains Complainant’s VICTORIA’S
SECRET mark (omitting the space and the apostrophe), the words “angel credit
card,” and the generic top-level domain (“gTLD”) “.com.” Omission of a space and an apostrophe from
Complainant’s VICTORIA’S
SECRET mark are irrelevant to an analysis under Policy ¶ 4(a)(i)
since spaces and punctuation are not allowed characters in domain names. See
Gurney’s Inn Resort & Spa Ltd. v. Whitney, FA 140656 (Nat. Arb. Forum Feb. 19, 2003)
(“Punctuation and spaces between words are not significant in determining the
similarity of a domain name and a mark because punctuation and spaces are not
reproducible in a domain name.”). Likewise, the addition of a gTLD is also
irrelevant to a Policy ¶ 4(a)(i) analysis because a
top-level domain is a required part of every domain name. See Gardline Surveys Ltd. v. Domain Fin. Ltd., FA 153545 (Nat. Arb.
Forum May 27,
2003) (“The addition of a top-level domain is irrelevant when
establishing whether or not a mark is identical or confusingly similar, because
top-level domains are a required element of every domain name.”). Respondent addition of the words “angel
credit card” does nothing to diminish the confusing similarity that results
from using Complainant’s VICTORIA’S
SECRET mark. Complainant calls its
in-store credit card an “Angel Card,” so Respondent’s addition of “angel credit
card” has an obvious relationship to Complainant’s business. The Panel finds that the <victoriassecretangelcreditcard.com>
domain name is confusingly similar to Complainant’s VICTORIA’S SECRET mark under Policy ¶ 4(a)(i). See Whitney Nat’l Bank v. Easynet Ltd,
FA 944330 (Nat. Arb. Forum Apr. 30, 2007) (“The additions of generic words with an
obvious relationship to Complainant’s business and a gTLD renders the disputed
domain name confusingly similar to Complainant’s mark pursuant to Policy ¶
4(a)(i).”).
The Panel finds that Policy ¶ 4(a)(i)
has been satisfied.
Rights or Legitimate Interests
Pursuant to Policy
¶ 4(a)(ii), Complainant must first establish a prima
facie case that Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in the <victoriassecretangelcreditcard.com>
domain name. If the Panel finds that Complainant’s
allegations establish such a prima facie case, the burden shifts to
Respondent to show that it does indeed have rights or legitimate interests in
the disputed domain name pursuant to the guidelines in Policy ¶ 4(c). The Panel finds that Complainant’s
allegations are sufficient to establish a prima
facie case that Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in the <victoriassecretangelcreditcard.com> domain name pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(a)(ii). Since
no response was submitted in this case, the Panel may presume that Respondent
has no rights or legitimate interests in the <victoriassecretangelcreditcard.com> domain name.
However, the Panel will still examine the record in consideration of the
factors listed in Policy ¶ 4(c). See
Domtar, Inc. v. Theriault.,
FA 1089426 (Nat. Arb. Forum Jan. 4, 2008) (“It is well established that, once a
complainant has made out a prima facie case
in support of its allegations, the burden shifts to respondent to show that it
does have rights or legitimate interests pursuant to paragraph 4(a)(ii) of the
Policy.”); see also G.D. Searle v. Martin Mktg., FA
118277 (Nat. Arb. Forum Oct. 1, 2002) (“Because Complainant’s Submission
constitutes a prima facie case under the Policy, the burden effectively
shifts to Respondent. Respondent’s failure to respond means that Respondent has
not presented any circumstances that would promote its rights or legitimate
interests in the subject domain name under Policy ¶ 4(a)(ii).”).
The Panel finds no evidence in the record suggesting that
Respondent is commonly known by the <victoriassecretangelcreditcard.com>
domain name. Complainant asserts that
Respondent has no license or agreement with Complainant authorizing Respondent
to use the VICTORIA’S
SECRET mark, and the WHOIS information identifies Respondent as “Chris
Williams.” Thus, Respondent has not
established rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name under
Policy ¶ 4(c)(ii).
See Tercent Inc. v. Lee Yi, FA 139720
(Nat. Arb. Forum Feb. 10, 2003) (stating “nothing in Respondent’s WHOIS
information implies that Respondent is ‘commonly known by’ the disputed domain
name” as one factor in determining that Policy ¶ 4(c)(ii)
does not apply); see also Victoria’s Secret v.
Asdak, FA 96542 (Nat. Arb. Forum Feb. 28, 2001) (“Given the Complainants’
established use of their famous VICTORIA’S
SECRET marks it is unlikely that the Respondent is commonly known by either
[the <victoriasecretcasino.com> or <victoriasecretcasino.net>]
domain name.”).
Respondent is using the <victoriassecretangelcreditcard.com>
domain name to provide links to third-party websites offering
credit card services, some of which directly compete with Complainant’s “Angel
Card” services. Respondent’s use of a
domain name that is confusingly similar to Complainant’s VICTORIA’S
SECRET mark to redirect Internet users interested in
Complainant’s services to websites that offer competition for those services is
not a use in connection with a bona fide
offering of goods or services pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(c)(i)
or a legitimate noncommercial or fair use under Policy ¶ 4(c)(iii). See TM Acquisition Corp. v. Sign Guards, FA 132439 (Nat. Arb. Forum Dec. 31, 2002)
(finding that the respondent’s diversionary use of the complainant’s marks to
send Internet users to a website which displayed a series of links, some of
which linked to the complainant’s competitors, was not a bona fide
offering of goods or services); see also Tercent Inc. v. Lee Yi, FA 139720
(Nat. Arb. Forum Feb.
10, 2003) (holding that the respondent’s use of the disputed domain
name to host a series of hyperlinks and a banner advertisement was neither a bona
fide offering of goods or services nor a legitimate noncommercial or fair
use of the domain name).
The Panel finds that Complainant has satisfied Policy ¶ 4(a)(ii).
Registration and Use in Bad Faith
Respondent is using the <victoriassecretangelcreditcard.com>
domain name to resolve to a website containing links to third-party websites,
some of which directly compete with Complainant. The Panel finds Respondent is using the disputed domain name
to disrupt Complainant’s business by diverting Internet users to Complainant’s
competitors. This is evidence of bad
faith registration and use pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(b)(iii). See
Puckett, Individually v. Miller, D2000-0297 (WIPO June 12, 2000) (finding
that the respondent has diverted business from the complainant to a
competitor’s website in violation of Policy ¶ 4(b)(iii));
see also EBAY, Inc. v. MEOdesigns,
D2000-1368 (WIPO Dec.
15, 2000) (finding that the respondent registered and used the
domain name <eebay.com> in bad faith where the respondent has used the
domain name to promote competing auction sites).
The Panel infers
that Respondent receives click-through fees for diverting Internet users to
third-party websites. Because
Respondent’s domain name is confusingly similar to Complainant’s VICTORIA’S SECRET mark, Internet users accessing Respondent’s <victoriassecretangelcreditcard.com>
domain name may become confused as to
Complainant’s affiliation with the resulting website. The Panel therefore finds that Respondent’s
use of the <victoriassecretangelcreditcard.com>
domain name constitutes bad faith
registration and use pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(b)(iv). See G.D. Searle & Co.
v. Celebrex Drugstore, FA 123933 (Nat. Arb.
Forum Nov. 21,
2002) (finding that the respondent registered and used the domain
name in bad faith pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(b)(iv) because the respondent was
using the confusingly similar domain name to attract Internet users to its
commercial website); see also AltaVista Co.
v. Krotov, D2000-1091 (WIPO Oct. 25, 2000) (finding bad faith under Policy
¶ 4(b)(iv) where the respondent’s domain name resolved to a website that
offered links to third-party websites that offered services similar to the complainant’s
services and merely took advantage of Internet user mistakes).
The Panel finds that Policy ¶ 4(a)(iii)
has been satisfied.
DECISION
Having established all three elements required under the
ICANN Policy, the Panel concludes that relief shall be GRANTED.
Accordingly, it is Ordered that the <victoriassecretangelcreditcard.com>
domain name be TRANSFERRED from Respondent to Complainant.
The
Honorable Charles K. McCotter, Jr. (Ret.), Panelist
Dated: July 14, 2009
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