The American Automobile Association v. Mona Fahmy a/k/a Privacy Protection Services c/o D Nigam
Claim Number: FA0906001270400
Complainant is The American Automobile Association (“Complainant”), represented by Peter
D. Saharko, of Covington & Burling LLP,
REGISTRAR AND DISPUTED DOMAIN
NAMES
The domain names at issue are <aaatriplea.biz> and <tripleaaa.com>. The <aaatriplea.biz> domain name is registered with Directi Internet Solutions Pvt. Ltd. d/b/a Publicdomainregistry.com. The <tripleaaa.com> domain name is registered with Lead Networks Domains Pvt. Ltd.
The undersigned certifies that he has acted independently and impartially and to the best of his knowledge has no known conflict in serving as Panelist in this proceeding.
James A. Carmody, Esq., as Panelist.
Complainant submitted a Complaint to the National Arbitration Forum electronically on June 24, 2009; the National Arbitration Forum received a hard copy of the Complaint on June 25, 2009.
On June 26, 2009, Lead Networks Domains Pvt. Ltd. confirmed by e-mail to the National Arbitration Forum that the <tripleaaa.com> domain name is registered with Lead Networks Domains Pvt. Ltd. and that Respondent is the current registrant of the name. Lead Networks Domains Pvt. Ltd. has verified that Respondent is bound by the Lead Networks Domains Pvt. Ltd. registration agreement and has thereby agreed to resolve domain-name disputes brought by third parties in accordance with ICANN's Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the "Policy").
On June 29, 2009, Directi Internet Solutions Pvt. Ltd. d/b/a Publicdomainregistry.com, confirmed by e-mail to the National Arbitration Forum that the <aaatriplea.biz> domain name is registered with Directi Internet Solutions Pvt. Ltd. d/b/a Publicdomainregistry.com and that Respondent is the current registrant of the name. Directi Internet Solutions Pvt. Ltd. d/b/a Publicdomainregistry.com has verified that Respondent is bound by the Directi Internet Solutions Pvt. Ltd. d/b/a Publicdomainregistry.com registration agreement and has thereby agreed to resolve domain-name disputes brought by third parties in accordance with ICANN's Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the "Policy").
On July 2, 2009, a Notification of Complaint and Commencement of Administrative Proceeding (the "Commencement Notification"), setting a deadline of July 22, 2009 by which Respondent could file a response to the Complaint, was transmitted to Respondent via e-mail, post and fax, to all entities and persons listed on Respondent's registration as technical, administrative and billing contacts, and to postmaster@aaatriplea.biz and postmaster@tripleaaa.com by e-mail.
Having received no response from Respondent, the National Arbitration Forum transmitted to the parties a Notification of Respondent Default.
On July 28, 2009, pursuant to Complainant's request to have the dispute decided by a single-member Panel, the National Arbitration Forum appointed James A. Carmody, Esq., as Panelist.
Having reviewed the communications records, the Administrative Panel (the "Panel") finds that the National Arbitration Forum has discharged its responsibility under Paragraph 2(a) of the Rules for Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the "Rules") "to employ reasonably available means calculated to achieve actual notice to Respondent." Therefore, the Panel may issue its decision based on the documents submitted and in accordance with the ICANN Policy, ICANN Rules, the National Arbitration Forum's Supplemental Rules and any rules and principles of law that the Panel deems applicable, without the benefit of any response from Respondent.
Complainant requests that the domain names be transferred from Respondent to Complainant.
A. Complainant makes the following assertions:
1. Respondent’s <aaatriplea.biz> and <tripleaaa.com> domain names are confusingly similar to Complainant’s AAA mark and TRIPLE A mark.
2. Respondent does not have any rights or legitimate interests in the <aaatriplea.biz> and <tripleaaa.com> domain names.
3. Respondent registered and used the <aaatriplea.biz> and <tripleaaa.com> domain names in bad faith.
B. Respondent failed to submit a Response in this proceeding.
Complainant, The American
Automobile Association, has used its AAA mark in commerce in connection with
automobile association services since 1902.
Complainant holds a registration of its AAA mark with the United States
Patent and Trademark Office (“USPTO”) (Reg. No. 829,265 issued May 23,
1967). Complainant also holds a
registration of its TRIPLE A mark with the USPTO (Reg. No. 1,168,790 issued
September 8, 1981).
Respondent registered the <tripleaaa.com> domain name on September 18, 2001 and registered the <aaatriplea.biz> domain name April 9, 2008. Both of the disputed domain names resolve to similar websites that display several hyperlinks to various third-party websites, some of which directly compete with Complainant.
Paragraph 15(a) of the Rules instructs this Panel to "decide a complaint on the basis of the statements and documents submitted in accordance with the Policy, these Rules and any rules and principles of law that it deems applicable."
In view of Respondent's failure to submit a response, the Panel shall decide this administrative proceeding on the basis of Complainant's undisputed representations pursuant to paragraphs 5(e), 14(a) and 15(a) of the Rules and draw such inferences it considers appropriate pursuant to paragraph 14(b) of the Rules. The Panel is entitled to accept all reasonable allegations and inferences set forth in the Complaint as true unless the evidence is clearly contradictory. See Vertical Solutions Mgmt., Inc. v. webnet-marketing, inc., FA 95095 (Nat. Arb. Forum July 31, 2000) (holding that the respondent’s failure to respond allows all reasonable inferences of fact in the allegations of the complaint to be deemed true); see also Talk City, Inc. v. Robertson, D2000-0009 (WIPO Feb. 29, 2000) (“In the absence of a response, it is appropriate to accept as true all allegations of the Complaint.”).
Paragraph 4(a) of the Policy requires that Complainant must prove each of the following three elements to obtain an order that a domain name should be cancelled or transferred:
(1) the domain name registered by Respondent is identical or confusingly similar to a trademark or service mark in which Complainant has rights; and
(2) Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in respect of the domain name; and
(3) the domain name has been registered and is being used in bad faith.
The Panel finds that Complainant has sufficiently
established rights in both the AAA mark and the TRIPLE A mark under Policy ¶
4(a)(i) through their respective registrations with the USPTO. See Intel Corp. v. Macare, FA 660685
(Nat. Arb. Forum Apr. 26, 2006) (finding that the complainant had
established rights in the PENTIUM, CENTRINO and INTEL INSIDE marks by
registering the marks with the USPTO); see
also Morgan Stanley v. Fitz-James,
FA 571918 (Nat. Arb. Forum Nov. 29, 2005) (finding from a preponderance of the
evidence that the complainant had registered its mark with national trademark
authorities, the Panel determined that “such registrations present a prima facie case of Complainant’s rights
in the mark for purposes of Policy ¶ 4(a)(i).”).
The <aaatriplea.biz> domain name combines Complainant’s AAA mark and TRIPLE A mark, deletes the space within the TRIPLE A mark, and adds the generic top-level domain (“gTLD”) “.biz.” The <tripleaaa.com> domain name combines Complainant’s AAA mark and and a significant portion of Complainant’s TRIPLE A mark, deletes the “A” within the TRIPLE A mark, and adds the generic top-level domain (“gTLD”) “.com.” The Panel finds that none of the alterations to either one of Complainant’s marks sufficiently distinguish either domain from any of Complainant’s marks. Therefore, the Panel finds that both of the <aaatriplea.biz> and <tripleaaa.com> domain names are confusingly similar to Complainant’s AAA mark and TRIPLE A mark under Policy ¶ 4(a)(i). See Nintendo of Am. Inc. v. Pokemon, D2000-1230 (WIPO Nov. 23, 2000) (finding confusing similarity where respondent combined the complainant’s POKEMON and PIKACHU marks to form the <pokemonpikachu.com> domain name); see also Am. Int’l Group, Inc. v. Domain Admin. Ltd., FA 1106369 (Nat. Arb. Forum Dec. 31, 2007) (finding that “spaces are impermissible and a generic top-level domain, such as ‘.com,’ ‘.net,’ ‘.biz,’ or ‘.org,’ is required in domain names. Therefore, the panel finds that the disputed domain name [<americangenerallifeinsurance.com>] is confusingly similar to the complainant’s [AMERICAN GENERAL] mark.”); see also Granarolo S.p.A. v. Dinoia, FA 649854 (Nat. Arb. Forum Apr. 17, 2006) (finding that the <granarolo.com> domain name was confusingly similar to the complainant’s registered G GRANAROLO mark).
The Panel finds that Policy ¶ 4(a)(i) has been satisfied.
Initially, Complainant must make a prima facie showing that Respondent lacks rights and legitimate interests in the disputed domain names. The Panel finds that Complainant has sufficiently made its prima facie showing under Policy ¶ 4(a)(ii). The burden then shifts to Respondent and Respondent must establish that it has rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain names. See Compagnie Generale des Matieres Nucleaires v. Greenpeace Int’l, D2001-0376 (WIPO May 14, 2001) (“Proving that the Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in respect of the Domain Name requires the Complainant to prove a negative. For the purposes of this sub paragraph, however, it is sufficient for the Complainant to show a prima facie case and the burden of proof is then shifted on to the shoulders of Respondent. In those circumstances, the common approach is for respondents to seek to bring themselves within one of the examples of paragraph 4(c) or put forward some other reason why they can fairly be said to have a relevant right or legitimate interests in respect of the domain name in question.”); see also G.D. Searle v. Martin Mktg., FA 118277 (Nat. Arb. Forum Oct. 1, 2002) (“Because Complainant’s Submission constitutes a prima facie case under the Policy, the burden effectively shifts to Respondent. Respondent’s failure to respond means that Respondent has not presented any circumstances that would promote its rights or legitimate interests in the subject domain name under Policy ¶ 4(a)(ii).”).
Both of Respondent’s <aaatriplea.biz>
and <tripleaaa.com>
domain names resolve to similar websites that display several hyperlinks to
various third-party websites, some of which directly compete with Complainant. The
Panel infers that Respondent receives click-through fees for these
hyperlinks. Therefore, the Panel finds
that Respondent’s use of the confusingly similar disputed domain names, along
with the aforementioned hyperlinks, diverts Internet users to competing
websites for commercial gain, and thus is not a bona fide offering of goods and services under Policy ¶ 4(c)(i) or
a legitimate noncommercial or fair use under Policy ¶ 4 (c)(iii). See ALPITOUR
S.p.A. v. balata inc, FA 888649 (Nat. Arb. Forum Feb. 27, 2007) (finding
that “using the confusingly similar <viaggidea.com> domain name to operate a website that features links to various commercial websites
from which Respondent presumably receives referral fees….is neither a bona
fide offering of goods or services pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(c)(i) nor a
legitimate non-commercial or fair use pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(c)(iii).”); see also Disney Enters., Inc. v. Kamble, FA 918556 (Nat. Arb. Forum Mar. 27,
2007) (holding that the operation of a pay-per-click website at a confusingly
similar domain name was not a bona fide offering
of goods or services under Policy ¶ 4(c)(i) or a legitimate noncommercial or
fair use under Policy ¶ 4(c)(iii)).
Furthermore, Respondent is listed in the WHOIS information
as “Mona Fahmy a/k/a Privacy Protection Services
c/o D Nigam,” which does not indicate that Respondent is commonly known
by either of the <aaatriplea.biz> and <tripleaaa.com>
domain names. Respondent has not offered any evidence to
indicate otherwise. The Panel finds that
Respondent is not commonly known by either of the disputed domain names under
Policy ¶ 4(c)(ii). See Braun Corp. v. Loney, FA 699652 (Nat. Arb. Forum
July 7, 2006) (concluding that the respondent was not commonly known by the
disputed domain names where the WHOIS information, as well as all other
information in the record, gave no indication that the respondent was commonly
known by the disputed domain names, and the complainant had not authorized the
respondent to register a domain name containing its registered mark); see also M. Shanken Commc’ns v. WORLDTRAVELERSONLINE.COM, FA 740335 (Nat. Arb. Forum Aug. 3,
2006) (finding that the respondent was not commonly known by the
<cigaraficionada.com> domain name under Policy ¶ 4(c)(ii) based on the
WHOIS information and other evidence in the record).
The Panel finds that Policy ¶ 4(a)(ii) has been satisfied.
The Panel finds that Respondent’s use of the <aaatriplea.biz> and <tripleaaa.com>
domain names to display hyperlinks, some of which redirect to competing
websites, disrupts Complainant’s business.
Therefore, the Panel finds that Respondent’s use of the disputed domain
names constitutes bad faith registration and use under Policy ¶ 4(b)(iii). See Tesco Pers. Fin. Ltd. v. Domain Mgmt. Servs., FA 877982
(Nat. Arb. Forum Feb. 13, 2007) (concluding that the use of a confusingly
similar domain name to attract Internet users to a directory website containing
commercial links to the websites of a complainant’s competitors represents bad
faith registration and use under Policy ¶ 4(b)(iii)); see also Am. Airlines, Inc. v.
Furthermore, the Panel finds that Respondent’s use of the
disputed domains to presumably collect click-through fees using the
aforementioned hyperlinks constitutes bad faith registration and use under
Policy ¶ 4(b)(iv). See
The Panel finds that Policy ¶ 4(a)(iii) has been satisfied.
Having established all three elements required under the ICANN Policy, the Panel concludes that relief shall be GRANTED.
Accordingly, it is Ordered that the <aaatriplea.biz> and <tripleaaa.com> domain names be TRANSFERRED from Respondent to Complainant.
James A. Carmody, Esq., Panelist
Dated: August 11, 2009
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